iseed (optional, default=0.5) -- a seed value for the recursive pseudo-random formula. A value between 0 and 1 will produce an initial output of kamp * iseed. A value greater than 1 will be seeded from the system clock. A negative value will cause seed re-initialization to be skipped. The default seed value is .5.
isel (optional, default=0) -- if zero, a 16-bit number is generated. If non-zero, a 31-bit random number is generated. Default is 0.
ioffset (optional, default=0) -- a base value added to the random result. New in Csound version 4.03.
kamp, xamp -- range over which random numbers are distributed.
kcps, xcps -- the frequency which new random numbers are generated.
The internal pseudo-random formula produces values which are uniformly distributed over the range kamp to -kamp. rand will thus generate uniform white noise with an R.M.S value of kamp / root 2.
The remaining units produce band-limited noise: the kcps and xcps parameters permit the user to specify that new random numbers are to be generated at a rate less than the sampling or control frequencies.
Here is an example of the rand opcode. It uses the files rand.orc and rand.sco.
Example 315. Example of the rand opcode.
/* rand.orc */ ; Initialize the global variables. sr = 44100 kr = 4410 ksmps = 10 nchnls = 1 ; Instrument #1. instr 1 ; Choose a random frequency between 4,100 and 44,100. kfreq rand 20000 kcps = kfreq + 24100 a1 oscil 30000, kcps, 1 out a1 endin /* rand.orc */
/* rand.sco */ ; Table #1, a sine wave. f 1 0 16384 10 1 ; Play Instrument #1 for one second. i 1 0 1 e /* rand.sco */